买家指南:视频混音器

A这是最基本的水平, video mixers are hardware or software tools that allow you to switch between different video inputs or mix them together via picture-in-picture, 还可以添加标题和图形等效果. They can also include much more advanced functions like audio mixers, chromakey, 记分牌, 还有很多其他特点.

This buyers’ guide is for newbies trying to understand the different types of mixers available and their strengths and weaknesses. 相应的, 我将从区分不同种类的混合器开始, 讨论他们的特点, and then conclude with a list of questions to ask before buying. 一如既往地, product mentions are not exhaustive but rather are representative of products in that category. 如果你的产品没有被提及, please feel free to add it via a comment on the web version of this article.

让我们开始吧.

桌面软件

These are video mixers that you install on your computer. Products in this category include Telestream Wirecast (Mac/Windows; 下面的图1), vMix (Windows), and the open source Open Broadcaster Software (OBS; Mac/Windows/Linux).

图1. 来自Telestream的无线广播齿轮系统

These products tend to be affordable or free and are very well-featured as compared to entry-level standalone appliances. This simplifies adding text/graphics and pulling together a “shot” that combines background graphics and multiple sources in a picture-in-picture format. Wirecast (Rendezvous) and vMix (Call) both provide a conferencing function that allows you to record and stream remote interviews at very high quality. Both can also accept input from computers and phones on the same network, 增加生产灵活性.

这种灵活性的另一面是易于使用. While these programs don’t require a computer science degree to operate, you wouldn’t want to hand off operation to a marketing intern or church volunteer without providing several hours of training.

The other issue is audio/video input, which you need to supply, and which can get problematic. If you try to input four cameras via dongles on a MacBook Pro, 你几乎肯定会遇到问题. 这些软件工具可以处理复杂的产品, but if you plan to produce with three or more camera inputs, you’re better off buying a turnkey system like Wirecast Gear or vMix systems available from multiple vendors, which will provide all the necessary inputs and a beefy enough CPU to handle the load.

在一般情况下, this category is best for reasonably sophisticated computer users who will set up and run the live event themselves.

入门级硬件混音器

入门级硬件产品包括 图2(下面): the Feelworld LivePro L1 ($329 at Amazon) on the left and the Blackmagic Design ATEM Mini HDMI ($295 at Amazon) on the right. Both enable switching among the various inputs with transitions and picture-in-picture capabilities so you can mix a talking head with PowerPoint input from a computer.

图2. Entry-level hardware devices provide two extremes of functionality and usability.

虽然价格差不多, ATEM Mini将功能置于可用性之上, 而LivePro则相反. 例如, while the LivePro provides a preview of all four inputs on the body and via HDMI out, ATEM Mini不提供这两种功能. There’s also no headphone jack on the ATEM Mini, but the LivePro does have one.

也就是说, the ATEM Mini software provides much more advanced features than the LivePro, including an audio mixer with a six-band parametric equaliser, chromakey功能, and the ability to deploy images with alpha channels in your streams.

Note that both units need a computer and streaming software to actually stream live. That is, neither can connect to the internet directly and instead outputs a USB 3.0 signal that looks like a webcam to live-streaming software programs like Wirecast, vMix, or OBS.

从目标用户的角度来看, the ATEM Mini was designed for the technical user looking for inexpensive access to relatively high-end mixer features. In contrast, Feelworld serves users who need basic switching functionality that’s simple to use.

If your budget can extend up to $900, you might also consider the YoloLiv YoloBox portable shown in 无花果保证3 (下图). 本机可接受两个HDMI输入, 加一个USB输入, 视频从一个SD卡, 还有网络输入, 总共有五个视频源. You can create titles and overlays in the software and perform all mixing via the touchscreen interface.

图3. 该YoloLiv YoloBox是一个直观的一体机.

不像Feelworld和ATEM单位, the YoloBox can encode your outbound stream onboard for streaming via Ethernet, 无线网络, or 4G LTE Sim card and can record to an SD card right on the unit, so you don’t need to drag a computer to your remote locations. 默认情况下, the live output stream is routed to the YoloLiv platform for delivery to up to three destinations, 包括YouTube, Facebook Live, 推特, 抽搐, and a custom Real-Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP) location.

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